What are the ergonomic considerations of laptop use?

The form of laptops has changed slightly since their inception but the main challenge they pose still exists: the screen and keyboard are attached.

Most people do not know how to use a laptop correctly. Ideally, if used as a primary computer, a laptop should be set up as a desktop. This means using it as a docked computer with an external monitor, keyboard and input device.

If it’s not possible to have an external monitor, it is essential that an external keyboard and mouse be used. This allows the laptop to be elevated so that the user can view the screen without much discomfort.

To set up a laptop with ergonomics in mind, the user’s shoulders should hang loose and their forearms should be parallel to the floor while keyboarding. Position the monitor so that its upper third is at eye level when seated. Use a chair with lumbar support. Ensure to sit with feet firmly planted on the floor (or on a footrest, if required).

If a laptop needs to be used on the go without any accessories, the user should switch positions about every 20 minutes. Shift the laptop, for example, from a work surface to the lap. If used on the lap, try not to crane the neck forward. This requires the use of more muscles, which causes fatigue. Instead, the user should tuck in their chin while working in that position.

D. Darren MacDonald is a board certified professional ergonomist and the founder of Tektol Inc., a Nova Scotia-based company with expertise in ergonomics, human factors and usability.